Arnold Schwarzenegger Modern Bodybuilding - Encyclopedia

AT THE END of the nineteenth century a new interest in musclebuilding
arose, not muscle just as a means of survival or of defending oneself;
there was a return to the Greek ideal-muscular development as a
celebration of the human body.

This was the era when the ancient tradition of stone-lifting evolved
into the modern sport of weightlifting. As the sport developed, it took on
different aspects in different cultures. In Europe, weightlifting was a form
of entertainment from which professional strongmen emerged-men
who made their living by how much weight they could lift or support. How
their physiques looked didn't matter to them or to their audience. The result
was that they tended to develop beefy, ponderous bodies.

In America at this time, a considerable interest in strength in relation
to its effect on health developed. The adherents of physical culture
stressed the need for eating natural, unprocessed foods-an idea that took
root in response to the increasing use of new food-processing techniques.
Americans were beginning to move from farms and small towns to the
cities; the automobile provided a new mobility. But at the same time, life
was becoming increasingly sedentary, and the health problems that....

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